一、经济金融基础知识单项选择题
在每题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的。
1、实际经济周期理论认为，______是经济波动的根源。
A．货币因素 B．价格因素 C．技术因素 D．人口因素
2、根据凯恩斯主义的IS-LM模型，当经济处于流动性陷阱时期，为刺激需求应该采取的政策是______。
A．增加财政税收 B．增加财政支出
C．增加货币供给 D．提高法定准备金率
3、在宏观经济学基本假设中，投资支出是利率的函数。当投资支出对利率变化比较敏感时，______。
A．总需求曲线更趋平缓 B．总需求曲线更趋陡峭
C．总需求曲线无变化 D．总供给曲线更趋平缓
4、在边际产量大于0的情况下，随着投入的增加，总产量______，平均产量______。
A．上升 上升 B．上升 下降
C．下降 上升 D．上升 无法确定
5、乒乓球拍价格降低将直接导致乒乓球的______。
A．需求曲线向右移动 B．需求曲线向左移动
C．供给曲线向右移动 D．供给曲线向左移动
6、西方经济学中的“免费搭便车”问题产生的原因是______。
A．私人成本超过了社会收益 B．产品是非竞争性的和排他性的
C．产品是非排他性的 D．市场产量高于社会最优产量
7、人们通常所说的负利率是指______。
A．名义利率为负 B．名义利率低于实际利率
C．实际利率为负 D．存款利率低于贷款利率
8、我国货币政策的最终目标是______。
A．国际收支平衡、充分就业 B．人民币币值稳定、国际收支平衡
C．国际收支平衡、经济增长 D．人民币币值稳定、经济增长
9、弗里德曼货币需求理论的显著特征之一是______。
A．强调恒久性收入对货币需求的重大影响 B．强调货币需求的动机
C．强调人们的流动性偏好 D．强调资产的多样性组合
10、商业银行通过实行资产证券化可以______，从而降低资本要求。
A．增加风险资产 B．降低风险资产
C．增加资产规模 D．降低负债规模
11、关于商业银行的中间业务与表外业务，以下表述错误的是______。
A．二者都不占用或较少占用银行资金
B．银行在其中主要充当代理人、受托人的身份
C．银行的收入主要为服务费、手续费、管理费等
D．二者都有较大风险
12、商业银行日常经营和风险管理过程中，承担风险和吸收非预期损失的资金来源于______。
A．资本金 B．同业拆借资金
C．贷款损失准备 D．在中央银行的存款
13、个人客户可以使用信用卡______。
A．购买房屋 B．购买汽车
C．购买理财产品 D．开展股票投资
14、根据《中华人民共和国信托法》，以下表述正确的是______。
A．可以采取口头形式设立信托
B．信托财产是属于受托人的财产
C．受益人不能是受托人
D．法律、行政法规禁止流通的财产，不得作为信托财产
15、2008年以来全球金融监管体系最大的变革之一，是______成为全球金融监管体系中的核心协调机构。
A．巴塞尔委员会 B．金融稳定理事会
C．国际清算银行 D．国际货币基金组织
16、中国货币市场的基准利率是______。
A．LIBOR B．NIBOR C．HIBOR D．SHIBOR
17、下列哪种情况会对我国国际收支平衡表中的经常账户有影响?______
A．中国人寿保险公司购买谷歌公司的股票
B．中国工商银行向德国某公司发放贷款
C．中国人民保险集团股份有限公司收到英国某客户的保险费
D．中国人民银行购买美国国债
18、保险经纪人是基于______的利益提供中介服务的机构。
A．保险人 B．投保人
C．被保险人 D．受益人
19、衡量保险公司偿付能力状况的关键指标是偿付能力充足率，它等于______。
A．实际资本/最低资本 B．认可资产/认可负债
C．认可资产/最低资本 D．实际资本/认可资产
20、保险损失补偿原则不适用于______。
A．建筑工程保险 B．货物运输保险
C．农业保险 D．人身保险
二、银监财经类专业单项选择题
在每题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的。
21、在充分就业的情况下，以下最有可能导致通货膨胀的是______。
A．进口增加 B．工资不变但劳动生产率提高
C．出口减少 D．政府支出不变但税收减少
22、关于公债对经济的影响，以下表述正确的是______。
A．凯恩斯主义认为，公债的效果是中性的
B．新古典主义认为，公债的效果是中性的
C．凯恩斯主义认为，短期公债的效果是中性的，长期公债的效果是非中性的
D．新古典主义认为，短期公债的效果是中性的，长期公债的效果是非中性的
23、关于古典总供给曲线垂直的假设和理由，以下表述正确的是______。
(1)价格水平P和工资水平W即使在短期内也可以迅速调节
(2)价格水平P和工资水平W在长期拥有充分的时间进行调节
(3)价格水平P和工资水平W在短期内不能调节
(4)价格水平P和工资水平W在长期不能调节
A．(1)和(2) B．(3)和(4)
C．(1)和(3) D．(2)和(4)
24、若消费函数为一条向右上方倾斜的直线，那么平均消费倾向______，边际消费倾向______。
A．递减，递减 B．不变，递减
C．不变，不变 D．递减，不变
25、如果在某一时期内国民收入增加，则净投资一定______。
A．大于总投资 B．持续减少
C．大于零 D．小于零
26、没有技术进步的新古典增长模型中，人均产量的稳态增长率为______。
A．0 B．1%
C．储蓄率 D．人口增长率
27、在下列何种情况下，挤出效应较大?______
A．货币需求对利率变动具有较强敏感性，投资支出对利率变动也具有较强敏感性
B．货币需求对利率变动缺乏敏感性，投资支出对利率变动也缺乏敏感性
C．货币需求对利率变动具有较强敏感性，投资支出对利率变动缺乏敏感性
D．货币需求对利率变动缺乏敏感性，投资支出对利率变动具有较强敏感性
28、在开放经济条件下，国内总需求的增加将导致______。
A．国民收入增加，贸易收支状况恶化 B．国民收入增加，贸易收支状况不变
C．国民收入增加，贸易收支状况改善 D．国民收入减少，贸易收支状况恶化
29、在新古典模型中，预料中的扩张性政策致使短期价格水平上升和总产出不变，因为______。
A．总供给曲线向右上方移动，总需求曲线不移动
B．总需求曲线向左上方移动，总供给曲线不移动
C．总供给曲线和总需求曲线都向左上方移动
D．总供给曲线向左上方移动，总需求曲线向右上方移动
30、如果需求曲线上某一点的需求的价格弹性为5，商品的价格也为5，则相应的边际收益MR为______。
A．3.2 B．3.6 C．4 D．4.2
31、假设甲参与一场比赛，赢的概率为0.2，赢了可得1600元；输的概率为0.8，输了可得225元。参与比赛需交纳900元参与费，这为甲的全部钱款。甲的财富效用函数为U(W)=W1/2，则甲参与比赛的效用和不参与比赛的效用分别为______。
A．20 30 B．-10 30
C．-30 10 D．30 10
32、完全竞争与垄断竞争的主要区别是______。
A．产品是否有差异 B．参与竞争的厂商的数量多少
C．厂商获得的利润大小 D．资源转移的灵活程度
33、某工人在工资率为每小时20元时每周挣800元，在工资率为每小时30元时每周挣1000元，由此可以断定______。
A．收入效应起着主要作用 B．替代效应起着主要作用
C．收入效应与替代效应发挥同等作用 D．收入效应与替代效应都未发挥作用
34、在福利经济学交换效率分析中，若用埃奇沃斯盒状图模型来分析两种产品在甲、乙两个消费者之间的分配，则甲和乙消费者无差异曲线切点的连线一般称为______。
A．生产的契约曲线 B．收入-消费曲线
C．交换的契约曲线 D．产品转换曲线
35、囚徒困境中，两个人的博弈说明______。
A．合作的结果对两个人来说可能比纳什均衡还坏
B．即使合作的结果对一个人来说比纳什均衡好，对另一个人来说可能会更坏
C．即使合作比纳什均衡好，每个囚徒也会有不合作的激励
D．理性、利己的人会自然而然地回避纳什均衡，因为这对他们都不好
36、某垄断厂商在长期中一直获得经济利润，原因是______。
A．该厂商的生产比竞争性市场的厂商更有效率
B．其他厂商无法进入该行业与其竞争
C．政府和垄断厂商之间必定串谋以维持一个高价格
D．垄断厂商的需求曲线富有弹性，从而使其获得更多收益
37、如果某项生产活动存在外部不经济，那么其产量______帕累托最优产量。
A．小于 B．等于
C．大于 D．有时小于，有时大于
38、某商场以延期付款方式购买了一批货品。当该商场到期偿还欠款时，货币执行______的职能。
A．贮藏手段 B．流通手段
C．购买手段 D．支付手段
39、金融创新增强了货币供给的______。
A．内生性 B．外生性
C．可控性 D．可测性
40、假设某经济体有流通中现金20亿元，存款100亿元，准备金30亿元，且法定存款准备金率为0.2，那么该经济体的货币乘数是______。
A．3.3 B．2.8
C．2.4 D．2.0
41、中央银行的资产业务包括______。
A．货币发行、存款业务、发行中央银行票据
B．外汇储备、再贴现、发行中央银行票据
C．货币发行、再贷款、证券业务
D．再贴现、证券业务、外汇储备
42、剑桥方程式M=kPy属于______。
A．凯恩斯的货币需求理论 B．现金交易数量说
C．现金余额数量说 D．现代货币数量理论
43、关于货币主义学派与凯恩斯学派在货币政策传导机制方面的分歧，以下表述正确的是______。
A．前者重视货币供应量对货币需求的作用，后者否定货币供应量对货币需求的作用
B．前者更强调货币供应量在整个传导机制上的直接效果，后者认为利率是传导机制中的主要环节
C．前者完全是在进行货币供给的分析，后者是从货币需求角度来研究
D．前者的传导机制主要是财富效应，后者的传导机制主要是资产组合效应
44、关于系统性风险，以下表述正确的是______。
A．系统性风险对所有证券的影响基本相同
B．系统性风险不能通过分散化消除
C．系统性风险不会得到风险溢价
D．系统性风险可以完全解释资产的收益波动
45、金融资产的收益率和利率水平有关，在复杂多样的利率体系中，衡量利率最精确的指标通常是______。
A．名义利率 B．实际利率
C．平均利率 D．到期收益率
46、关于“现代信用货币制度是最节约的货币制度”，以下表述错误的是______。
A．现代信用货币制度节约了货币材料
B．现代信用货币制度使得货币印制和流通费用大幅降低
C．货币流通速度的加快可以减少货币需要量
D．私人数字货币降低了货币发行成本
47、我国国债收益率高于同期限银行存款收益率，因为前者______风险高。
A．违约 B．流动性
C．政策 D．通货膨胀
48、商业银行的贷款质量按照由高到低的顺序，依次为______。
A．正常类—关注类—次级类—可疑类—损失类
B．正常类—次级类—可疑类—关注类—损失类
C．正常类—次级类—关注类—可疑类—损失类
D．正常类—可疑类—次级类—关注类—损失类
49、出口商把经进口商承兑并经由进口地银行担保后、期限在半年以上的远期汇票，以贴现方式无追索权地出售给出口商所在地银行以提前取得现款的融资方式一般称为______。
A．出口押汇 B．打包贷款
C．保理 D．福费廷
50、某银行接到一客户的要求，其要贴现一个月后到期的面值为20万元的零息票债券，年贴现率为8.4%，则实际贴现利息和实际贴现利率分别为______。
A．1400元 8.46% B．700元 8.34%
C．1400元 8.34% D．700元 8.46%
51、已知某固定收入债券的息票为每年80美元，偿还期为3年，面值为1000美元。假设该金融工具的实际收益率(或市场利率)为10%，现行市场价格为950.25美元，则该债券的持续期(久期)为______年。
A．1.30 B．2.78
C．3.00 D．3.22
52、根据商业贷款理论或真实票据理论，商业银行应当______。
A．主要发放短期自偿性贷款
B．主要持有政府发行的短期债券
C．根据借款人未来收入估算其还款计划，并据此安排放款的期限结构
D．超越单纯提供货币信贷的界限，提供多样化的服务
53、商业银行的核心资本不包括______。
A．普通股 B．资本盈余
C．长期次级债 D．可转换的资本债券
54、流动性覆盖率是首个国际统一的流动性风险监管定量指标，其计算公式=合格优质流动性资产divide______×100%。
A．未来30日现金净流出量 B．未来90日现金净流出量
C．未来6个月现金净流出量 D．未来12个月现金净流出量
55、不良贷款及坏账比例显著上升，通常被视为商业银行资产质量下降及流动性出问题的征兆，这反映了商业银行______之间的关系。
A．流动性风险与操作风险 B．流动性风险与利率风险
C．流动性风险与市场风险 D．流动性风险与信用风险
56、监管是政府对公众要求纠正某些社会组织和个体的不公正、不公平、无效率或低效率的一种回应，是政府用来改善资源配置和收入分配的一种手段。该观点源自管制理论中的______。
A．经济监管论 B．特殊利益论
C．社会选择论 D．公共利益论
57、2018年4月，人民银行、银保监会等部门联合发布《关于规范金融机构资产管理业务的指导意见》，市场称之为“资管新规”。“资管新规”统一了资管产品的核心监管要求，但不包括______。
A．打破刚性兑付 B．明确各类资管产品的信托法律关系
C．要求资管产品实施净值化管理 D．限制资管产品多层嵌套
58、下列事件中，不属于操作风险事件的是______。
A．银行员工销售“飞单” B．银行网点被盗窃
C．银行头寸不足，无法兑付客户存款 D．银行客户信息泄露
59、以下关于银行和典当行的表述，正确的是______。
A．在我国古代，银行被称为当铺
B．银行可以提供信用贷款，而典当行不能提供信用贷款
C．二者都受到银保监会监管
D．二者都必须遵守巴塞尔协议有关规定
60、金融危机有不同的类型，其中货币危机主要是指______。
A．投机冲击导致一国货币的对外币值大幅贬低，或同时迫使该国金融当局为保卫本币而动用大量国际储备或急剧提高利率
B．股市崩溃
C．一国处于不能支付其外债的情形，无论这些债权属于外国政府还是居民个人
D．现实的或潜在的银行破产致使银行纷纷终止国内债务清偿，或同时迫使政府提供大规模援助以阻止事态发展
61、下列机构中，______不属于银保监会监管的机构。
A．金融租赁公司 B．信托投资公司
C．金融资产投资公司 D．期货公司
62、金融危机以后，美国通过了《多德-弗兰克法案》，其中“沃克尔规则”的主要内容是______。
A．限制美联储贷款 B．限制银行从事自营交易
C．要求重要银行开展年度压力测试 D．要求系统重要性金融机构订立生前遗嘱
63、国际货币基金组织(IMF.最主要的资金来源是______。
A．发行长期金融债券 B．向国际金融机构借款
C．向各国政府借款 D．会员国缴纳的份额
64、下列各种汇率安排中，对国内货币政策的独立性影响最大的是______。
A．货币局制度 B．清洁浮动制度
C．可调整的钉住汇率制 D．汇率目标区制度
65、假设某国净进口芯片、净出口服装，且芯片和服装的需求收入弹性相差足够大，则该国货币贬值会使其______。
A．芯片产业部门生产规模相对扩大，服装产业部门生产规模相对缩小
B．芯片产业部门生产规模相对缩小，服装产业部门生产规模相对扩大
C．芯片产业部门和服装产业部门生产规模相对不变
D．芯片产业部门和服装产业部门生产规模相对变化不确定
66、根据资产组合分析法则，当本国货币当局一方面在外汇市场上买入本国货币、卖出外币资产，另一方面在本国债券市场上买入本国债券、卖出本国货币时，将导致______。
A．本国货币升值，本国利率上升 B．本国汇率不变，本国利率上升
C．本国货币升值，本国利率下降 D．本国汇率和利率保持不变
67、“米德冲突”是指______。
A．国际收支顺差和保持固定汇率的冲突 B．内部均衡和外部均衡的冲突
C．本国充分就业和通货膨胀的冲突 D．货币政策和财政政策有效性的冲突
68、假设在国际金融市场上，卢布债券年收益率为8%，比索债券年收益率为12%。若两种债券信用等级相同，那么根据利率平价理论，在一年内，比索相对卢布将______。
A．升值4.52% B．贬值3.57%
C．贬值4% D．升值4%
69、下列债券中，属于欧洲债券的是______。
A．英国BP石油公司在美国债券市场上发行的以日元为面值的债券
B．英国BP石油公司在美国债券市场上发行的以英镑为面值的债券
C．英国BP石油公司在英国债券市场上发行的以美元为面值的债券
D．英国BP石油公司在美国债券市场上发行的以美元为面值的债券
70、尖峰模型(双均衡模型)告诉我们，______。
A．均衡汇率是唯一的，它由内部均衡曲线和外部平行曲线的交点决定
B．均衡汇率不是唯一的，它由内部均衡曲线决定
C．均衡汇率不是唯一的，它由外延经济增长与内涵经济增长的相互关系以及本国商品的国际竞争力共同决定，是一个区间
D．均衡汇率是唯一的，它由本国与外国劳动生产率的对比决定
71、关于汇率长期失调问题，以下表述错误的是______。
A．当出现外生技术进步冲击，内涵经济相对较快增长时，如果名义汇率升值，就会出现汇率失调的要素规模缺口，危害内涵经济的增长
B．当出现外生要素冲击，外延经济相对较快增长时，如果名义汇率贬值，就会出现汇率失调的技术进步缺口，造成效率低下、技术进步受阻，危害内涵经济的增长
C．当国内资源消耗增长相对较快时，若本币贬值，同时又要保持一定的经济增长速度，那么就会对国内资源产生较高需求，从而出现国内资源供应缺口并导致国内资源的过度开发和利用
D．当国外进口资源消耗增长相对较快时，若本币升值，同时又要保持一定的经济增长速度，那么就会更多地消耗国外资源，从而造成国内资源需求缺口并导致国内资源利用水平低下和就业不足
72、某承建公司承包了北京2022年冬奥会延庆场馆的建筑工程。若该公司希望，项目建筑工人在场馆建设过程中，因意外事故导致伤残、死亡或患有职业病以后可以获得经济赔偿，那么该公司应当投保______。
A．场所责任保险 B．职业责任保险
C．承包人责任保险 D．雇主责任保险
73、我国采取的出口信用保险经营模式主要为______。
A．政府直接办理模式 B．政府全资公司经营模式
C．政府控股公司经营模式 D．进出口银行兼营模式
74、假设有批货物投保了货物运输保险，保险金额即为约定保险价值18万元，保单中规定有3%的绝对免赔率。若在运输过程中发生保险事故，导致货物损失5800元，则保险公司应当赔偿______。
A．5626元 B．5800元
C．400元 D．0元
75、关于保险市场的本质特征，以下表述错误的是______。
A．保险市场交易的标的是风险
B．保险市场有固定的场所和交易时间
C．保险市场是一种特殊的期货市场
D．保险市场是非即时结清的市场
76、2018年12月5日，刘某为自己购买了30万元的终身寿险，约定按年交费并支付了首期保险费，合同约定交费宽限期为30天。2020年2月2日，刘某因患新冠肺炎去世。保险公司在理赔时发现刘某尚未交纳第二期保险费。对此，保险公司正确的做法是______。
A．不承担赔付责任
B．赔付30万元，但需扣除第二期保险费
C．认定合同失效，扣除手续费后将首期保险费退还给受益人
D．解除合同
77、再保险合同以原保险合同为基础，再保险合同的标的是______。
A．原保险合同的标的 B．原保险人的承保能力
C．原保险合同的保险利益 D．原保险人的保险责任
78、______是投保人向保险人申请订立保险合同的书面要约。
A．投保单 B．保险单
C．保险费 D．保险凭证
79、人身保险中的______既可以采用约定的给付方式，也可以采用补偿方式。
A．生存保险 B．死亡保险
C．医疗保险 D．意外伤害保险
80、《保险资金运用管理办法》规定，保险资金运用实行______负责制。
A．股东大会 B．经营管理委员会
C．董事会 D．资产负债管理委员会
三、银监财经类专业多项选择题
下面各题，每题至少有两个正确答案。
81、在两部门经济中，当计划储蓄小于计划投资时，______。
A．计划产量小于均衡收入水平 B．计划产量大于均衡收入水平
C．产品供过于求，企业减少生产 D．产品供不应求，企业扩大生产
82、以下关于LM曲线斜率的表述，正确的有______。
A．其他条件不变时，货币需求对利率的敏感性越高，LM曲线越平缓
B．其他条件不变时，货币需求对利率的敏感性越高，LM曲线越陡峭
C．其他条件不变时，货币需求对收入变动的敏感性越高，LM曲线越陡峭
D．其他条件不变时，货币需求对收入变动的敏感性越高，LM曲线越平缓
83、蒙代尔-弗莱明模型与IS-LM模型的共同点有______。
A．都假设开放经济
B．都假定物价水平是固定的
C．都说明是什么因素引起总产出的短期波动
D．都强调产品市场与货币市场之间的相互作用
84、经济交易双方对相关信息的了解和掌握程度不一样，可能会引起______。
A．垄断 B．逆向选择
C．道德风险 D．外部性
85、某企业的短期生产函数为Q=-L3+24L2+240L，则关于企业在三个阶段的L的取值范围，以下表述正确的有______。
A．第一阶段，L＜20 B．第一阶段，L＜12
C．第二阶段，L＞20 D．第二阶段，12＜L＜20
86、决定市场类型划分的主要因素有______。
A．市场上厂商的数目 B．厂商所生产的产品的差别程度
C．单个厂商对市场价格的控制程度 D．厂商进入或退出一个行业的难易程度
87、中央银行要实施宽松的货币政策，可以采取的措施有______。
A．降低法定存款准备金率 B．降低再贴现率
C．提高证券保证金比率 D．在公开市场上售出有价证券
88、我国社会融资规模包括______。
A．社会新增贷款 B．股票融资额
C．企业债净发行额 D．同业拆借额
89、根据流动性溢价理论，以下表述正确的有______。
A．当收益率曲线陡峭上升时，预期未来短期利率将上升
B．当收益率曲线陡峭上升时，预期未来短期利率将下降
C．当收益率曲线水平时，预期未来短期利率保持不变
D．当收益率曲线陡峭上升时，市场预期未来可能会有通货膨胀
90、下列项目中，属于商业银行所有者权益的有______。
A．一般风险准备 B．未分配利润
C．递延所得税负债 D．递延所得税资产
91、商业银行同业拆借的拆入资金可用于______。
A．投资 B．发放固定资产贷款
C．解决临时性周转资金的需要 D．弥补票据结算、联行汇差头寸的不足
92、商业银行信用证结算的基本特点有______。
A．有银行信用作为保障
B．信用证是独立的文件，不依附于贸易合同
C．由保兑行对开证申请人的资信审查负首要责任
D．只管单据，开证行若拒付要以单据上的不符点为理由
93、关于巴塞尔协议Ⅲ调整的关注点，以下表述正确的有______。
A．从原来只考虑信用风险扩展到进一步考虑市场风险和操作风险
B．从银行的资产方扩展到银行资产负债表的所有要素
C．从单家银行的稳健性扩展到整个金融体系的稳定性
D．从金融体系的稳健性扩展到金融体系与实体经济的内在关联，将逆周期因素引入资本和流动性管理框架
94、2016年，中国人民银行将差别准备金动态调整机制升级为宏观审慎评估体系(MPA.。MPA考核中，用于评估金融机构流动性状况的指标有______。
A．杠杆率 B．遵守准备金制度情况
C．净稳定资金比例 D．拨备覆盖率
95、金融监管的目标包括______。
A．促进公平竞争
B．保护金融消费者权益
C．扩大金融市场规模
D．确保金融稳定安全，防范金融风险
96、关于铸币税，以下表述正确的有______。
A．在货币法定，并且不要求发行准备的情况下，任何国家在对内发行货币时，都可以获得铸币税
B．在国际贸易中，由于本币可以兑换成外币，所以任何国家都可以通过发行本币兑换外币的方式，获得国际铸币税
C．一国国际铸币税的数量可以用“流通在国外的储备货币数量×(长短期利率之差+储备货币贬值率或通货膨胀率)”的公式来估算
D．即使是储备货币国，也不可能无限地获得国际铸币税
97、关于储蓄(S)、投资(I)与经常账户(CA.的关系，以下表述正确的有______。
A．对于开放经济体，有：S-I=CA
B．外部经济失衡会反映在内部经济失衡上
C．旨在改变经常账户差额的政策措施也必将影响国内的储蓄与投资行为
D．当国内储蓄大于投资时，经常账户出现顺差，意味着资金由国外流向国内
98、关于信用保险与保证保险，以下表述正确的有______。
A．信用保险以商品赊销和信用放款中的债务人的信用作为保险标的
B．保险人是在预期将发生损失的前提下提供服务的
C．在贷款信用保险中，贷款方(即债权人)是投保人
D．在履约保证保险中，权利人是投保人
99、保险合同的解释应当遵守的原则有______。
A．文义解释原则 B．有利于保险人的原则
C．意图解释原则 D．有利于被保险人和受益人的原则
100、我国保险监管的“三支柱”体系包括______。
A．偿付能力监管 B．公司治理监管
C．市场行为监管 D．保险资金运用监管
四、英语阅读理解题
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
After the American Revolution, industry in the U.S. was behind Europe. But it was not very far behind. Several waves of inventions and growth soon hit. This happened over a period of 150 years. These advances made the U.S. economy the largest and most modern in the world.
During the American Revolution, America had not yet entered its industrial age. Most manufacturing was done in people's homes. Whereas Britain was industrialized, America had not caught on yet. Then Francis Cabot Lowell went to Britain in 1811. He memorized the secrets to constructing a power loom. After he and his associates returned to America, they founded some textile plants in Boston. The most famous was in Lowell, Massachusetts. It was built in 1822. The Lowell system employed many "mill girls". They lived in dormitories in order to run the factory.
New England was the home of a growing textile industry. It was the first area of the United States to experience such rapid growth. This growth also occurred in Pennsylvania. The iron industry pushed that state along and helped it to grow even faster.
Then the direction of progress began to change. This new period took place between 1810 and the 1860s. Factories continued to expand. But greater strides were being taken in inventing. American manufacturing and agriculture was greatly improved. These improvements came from practical inventions. Richard Chenaworth invented the cast-iron plow. It was useful because it had replaceable parts. John Deere created the steel plow, which made farming faster because the soil did not stick to it. Eli Whitney invented the cotton gin and the jig. This began a huge cotton industry in the south. Samuel Morse invented the passenger elevator. This led to modern-day skyscrapers. Finally, George Pullman created the sleeping car for trains. This allowed for long-distance travel.
From the 1850s on, industry in the United States boomed. The Civil War was over. With the victory of the North, Northern business entrepreneurs flourished. Government was eager to see business expand. The innovations listed above caused swift and dramatic changes. Railroads were now needed to carry goods across the country. People in the south traded cotton. They sold their product to the north and to Britain.
By the early 1900s, cars were needed by many people. The auto industry introduced a new dimension of growth to America. By the 1920s, Henry Ford introduced his Model-T. With it came the modern assembly line.
101、 According to Paragraph 1, the U.S. economy became the largest and the most modern in the world because______.
A．the U.S. won the American Revolution
B．there were many new inventions
C．the U.S. competed with the Europe and eventually surpassed it
D．the economy grew steadily for more than 150 years
102、 Which of the following best expresses the essential information in the underlined sentences? ______
A．New England grew more rapidly than European countries.
B．There was rapid growth in all states of the United States, including New England.
C．Only one area besides New England in America experienced fast growth.
D．Fast growth occurred in New England first in America.
103、 Which of the following can be inferred about Pennsylvania's industry? ______
A．It had a textile industry similar to Massachusetts.
B．It often competed against Massachusetts and other states.
C．Its iron industry was stronger than in other states.
D．It became a richer state than Massachusetts with faster growth.
104、 Why does the author mention "practical inventions" in Paragraph 4? ______
A．To exemplify the reasons for the development of industry in America.
B．To show how America became rich by selling new products.
C．To illustrate how intelligent American inventors were.
D．To prove that most useful inventions came from America.
105、 The word "boomed" in the passage is closest in meaning to ______.
A．imploded B．increased
C．fluctuated D．continued
Testing has replaced teaching in most public schools. My own children's school week is framed by pretests, drills, tests, and retests. They know that the best way to read a textbook is to look at the questions at the end of the chapter and then skim the text for the answers. I believe that my daughter Erica, who gets excellent marks, has never read a chapter of any of her school textbooks all the way through. And teachers are often heard to state proudly and openly that they teach to the mandated state test.
Teaching to the test is a curious phenomenon. Instead of deciding what skills students ought to learn, helping students learn them, and then using some sensible methods of assessment to discover whether students have mastered the skills, teachers are encouraged to reverse the process. First one looks at a commercially available test. Then one distills the skills needed not to master reading, say, or math, but to do well on the test. Finally, the test skills are taught.
The ability to read or write or calculate might imply the ability to do reasonably well on standardized tests. However, neither reading nor writing develops simply through being taught to take tests. We must be careful to avoid mistaking preparation for a test of a skill with the acquisition of that skill. Too many discussions of basic skills make this fundamental confusion because people are test-obsessed rather than concerned with the nature and quality of what is taught.
Recently, many schools have faced what could be called the crisis of comprehension or, in simple terms, the phenomenon of students with phonic and grammar skills still being unable to understand what they read. These students are competent at test taking and filling in workbooks and ditto masters. However, they have little or no experience in reading or thinking, and talking about what they read. They know the details but can't see or understand the whole. They are taught to be so concerned with grades that they have no time or ease of mind to think about meaning, and reread things if necessary.
106、 What can be inferred about Erica at school? ______
A．She learns the best way of reading a textbook.
B．She learns to find answers more than anything else.
C．She has not learned anything substantial.
D．She likes testing more than learning.
107、 What do teachers think about teaching to the mandated state test? ______
A．It is commonly recognized.
B．It is curiously controversial.
C．It has been exceptionally effective.
D．It has been inadequately developed.
108、 As it is indicated in the second paragraph, the author finds it strange that ______.
A．skills are determined before tests are set
B．tests are used to assess students' skills
C．tests restrict the skills necessary for students
D．skills are consolidated by taking tests
109、 According to the third paragraph, "this fundamental confusion" refers to the fact that ______.
A．the basic skills have been discussed too much
B．a test of a skill has been equated with acquiring the skill
C．the nature and quality of what is taught are rarely concerned
D．skills do not develop by being taught to take tests
110、 The crisis of comprehension is most probably resulted from ______.
A．students' insufficient phonic and grammar skills
B．teaching that takes up much of students' free time
C．teaching that emphasizes details rather than the whole
D．students' incompetence in thinking about what they read
You can't see it, smell it, or hear it, and people disagree on how precisely to define it, or where exactly it comes from. It isn't a school subject or an academic discipline, but it can be learned. It is a quality that is required by artists. But it is also present in the lives of scientists and entrepreneurs. All of us benefit from it: we thrive mentally and spiritually when we are able to harness it. It is a delicate thing, easily stamped out, in fact, it flourishes most fully when people are playful and childlike. At the same time, it works best in tandem with deep knowledge and expertise.
This mysterious—but teachable—quality is creativity, the subject of a report published this week by Durham Commission on Creativity and Education, a body chaired by Sir Nicholas Serota, the chair of Arts Council England, with input from figures including film director Beeban Kidron. architect Sir David Adjaye and choreographer Akram Khan. The report, put together in collaboration with academics from Durham University, concludes that creativity is not something that should inhabit the school curriculum only as it relates to drama, music., art and other obviously creative subjects,but that creative thinking ought to run through all of school life, infusing the way human and natural sciences are learned.
The authors, who focus on education in England, offer a number of sensible recommendations,some of which are an attempt to alleviate the Gradgrindish turn in education policy of recent years.When children are regarded as pitchers to be filled with facts, creativity does not prosper, nor does it when teachers' sole objective is, perforce, coaching children towards exams. One suggestion from the commission is a network of teacher-led "creativity collaborative", along the lines of existing math shubs, with the aim of supporting teaching for creativity through the school curriculum.
Nevertheless, it is arts subjects through which creativity can most obviously be fostered. The value placed on them by the independent education sector is clear. One only has to look at the remarkable arts facilities at Britain's top private schools to comprehend this. But in the state sector the excessive focus on English, maths and science threatens to crush arts subjects; meanwhile, reduced school budgets mean diminishing extracurricular activities. There has been a 28.1% decline in students taking creative subjects at high school since 2014, though happily, art and design have seen a recent increase.
This discrepancy between state and private education is a matter of social justice. It is simply wrong and unfair that the most children have a fraction of the access to choirs, orchestras, art studio sand drama that their more privileged peers enjoy. As lives are affected by any number of looming challenges—climate crisis. automation in the workplace—humans are going to need creative thinking more than ever. For all of our sakes, creativity in education, and for all, must become a priority.
111、 What do we learn from the passage about creativity? ______
A．It develops best when people are spiritually prepared.
B．It is most often wielded by scientists and entrepreneurs.
C．It is founded on scientific knowledge and analytical skills.
D．It contributes to intellectual growth but can easily be killed.
112、 What is the conclusion of a recently-published report? ______
A．Art courses should be made obviously creative subjects.
B．Drama, music, art should be included into the school curriculum.
C．Cultivation on creativity should permeate the entire school curriculum.
D．Students should learn more obviously creative subjects.
113、 According to the passage, which of the following is NOT the threat to the fostering of creativity? ______
A．UK's education policy.
B．Decreased school budgets.
C．Test-oriented teaching.
D．Low awareness among students.
114、 What do we learn about the private schools in the UK? ______
A．They encourage extracurricular activities.
B．They attach great importance to arts education.
C．They prioritize arts subjects over maths and sciences.
D．Their students are more creative than those in the state sector.
115、 What should be done to meet the future challenges? ______
A．Increasing government investment in school education.
B．Narrowing the existing gap between the rich and the poor.
C．Focusing on meeting the needs of under-privileged students.
D．Providing all children with equal access to arts education.
Many of us are fearful of making changes in our work lives—fear is a natural human condition. We feel less threatened when we stick with the familiar. As long as we are receiving a paycheck, we tolerate the dissatisfaction. Better to just play it safe.
But the safety net we preserve requires a big trade-off. It often denies us the opportunity to experience work that makes us happy, that is consistent with our desires while still meeting our monetary needs. Yet many of us strap ourselves into jobs in which the only reward is money.
We breed cynicism when we treat our work as nothing more than a financial equation, a necessity we tolerate in order to acquire funds to live, with the hope of somehow achieving success and happiness along the way. That's really most of us want to be happy. We spend 80, 000 hours of our lives at work. Yet, we view happiness as something to be achieved "outside" of work. We hire ourselves out on Monday through Friday and "live" for the weekends.
Most of us didn't choose our careers to fulfill a purpose or mission. On the contrary, we just looked for "a good job with a good company", reflecting such criteria as pay, title and just security. We reasoned that if we could "get a foot in the door" and work hard, our careers would grow over time, actually, that our careers and work lives would just happen "by accident". Because of this, many of us have careers today that are just "accidents waiting to happen". Everyday business decisions, a reorganization plan, an acquisition by another company, a relocation out of the country, can throw our work lives into danger. But despite this uncertainty some of us still cling to our jobs, dissatisfying as they may be. Can't take that risk!
"Hanging on" involves risk too. For when we sacrifice pleasure for pay, our work lacks dignity, uses our energy and, ultimately, breaks our spirit. An unhappy, unfulfilled work life contributes to an unhappy, unfulfilled personal life. Happiness in work, as happiness in love, demands a measure of risk.
Author Marsha Simetar suggests that if you "do what you love, the money will follow". Certainly this may seem a bit risky, perhaps idealistic, but it is undoubtedly true that people who love what they do find ways to make the most money.
116、 From the first paragraph we can learn that ______.
A．fear is one of the fundamental traits in human character defects
B．people tend to keep stable work to avoid the fear of changes
C．the paycheck makes people feel safe about their work
D．we tolerate dissatisfaction as we need to work
117、 By "the safety net we preserve requires a big trade-off" (Line 1, Para. 2), the author probably means ______.
A．safety can be achieved by meeting both our desires and monetary needs
B．people have to accept the uncertainty of their current jobs
C．people have to work hard to get money as the reward
D．safety means sacrifice the balance between monetary needs and the happiness of work
118、 According to the passage, when changes throw our work lives into danger, we will usually ______.
A．express great dissatisfaction with the job
B．feel uncertain about the risk
C．remain in the work position
D．take another work opportunity
119、 We can learn from the passage that ______.
A．people do not have a sense of mission nowadays
B．people struggle between the ideal work and monetary needs
C．happiness and money can hardly be both achieved in workplace
D．happiness and money can be both achieved during work in most cases
120、The purpose of the author in writing the passage is to ______.
A．persuade people to choose careers with purposes
B．criticize those who work for money
C．elaborate people's attitude towards work and safety
D．illustrate how safety of work lives can be achieved
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